High-speed telegraph system.



c. KINSLBY. HIGH SPEED TELEGRAPH SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 30 1909. RENEWED JUNE 19,1912.

7 1,053,042, i Patented Feb-11,1913

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C. KINSLEY.

HIGH SPEED TELEGRAPH SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 30, 1909. RENEWED JUNE 19,1912.

1,053,042. Patented Feb. 11, 1913.

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1% bacon c A CARL KINSLEY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

HIGH-SPEED TELEGRAPH SYSTEM.

Specification 0! Letters Patent.

Application tiled Aukult 80, 1909, Serial No. 616.818. Renewed June 19, 1912. Serial No. 704,682.

To all whom. it may concern:

Be it known that I, CARL KINBLEY, a citizen of. the United States residing at Chica 0, in the county of dock and State of II inois', have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hi h-Specd Telegraph Systems, of which the ollowing is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

My invention relates to high speed telegraph systems and has for its object the prouction of a system ofthis class in w iich only a single line wire will be necessary.

In attaining my object I make use of a series of printing elements, preferably four in number, each of which is adapted to impress on a record surface a characteristic fragment or element common to a number of letters of the alphabet. By operating these printing elements in various combinations, either in conf'unction or in sequence, I cause the severa letters of the alphabet to be formed. Each element is controlled b an electromagnet in a local circuit sup led with current from a local source; an these local circuits are controlled by relays of eculiar construction, the leading characteristic of which is the attenuation of their armatures which are held in such a wa as to have a very high natural period. This type of armature, em ployed either in a relay or on a printing magnet, is disclosed in my priorapplication filed August 12, 1903, Serial No. 109,228, and Patent No. 1,018,115, dated February 20, 1912. My present invention is in the nature of an improvement overthe inventions disclosed in the said a plications.

In the ments which I may term compound relays, of the aforesaid type, their armatures working in conjunction and in combination with each other to atl'ect the several-printing elements. Each relay has an ener izing coil or winding, an actuating coil, and a neutralizing coil. The energizing coils are all connected in a local circuit in series with a suitable source of current; the actuating coils are all in series to line; and the neutralizing coils are in series in the respective local circuits containing the printing magnets for purposes to be presently described. Each on a la relay has also w t I may term an electromagnetic agitator for the anvil of its afloat-ares, which are apt to stick thereto. The agitator magnets may be continuously resent case I emp oy two instru-.

actuated and tho anvils continuously moved by means of alternating current separately applied, or by current impulses in the local circuits of the printing magnets.

In overalion, I employ current of two strengths, or large and small potential differences, and of plus and minus polarity. Two of the relays respond to positive cnrrents,-nnd two to negative currents; and I differentiate between the relays and their associated printing magnets of each pair. by winding the relays to respond to dillercut current strengths. One relay of each pair responds to currents of small value, but both respond to currents of large rrluc. 'lhc armatures are so connected and related to each other that when the second relay of a air is energized, it not only closes its own ocal circuit, but simultaneously opens the local circuit of its associated or small current relay.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in wl1ich Figurel is a diagram showing-the conventional elements at a transmitting station, which may be of any suitable type to produce plusand minus impulses at two ditlerent potentials, and all at high frequency. Fig. 2 is a similar diagram showing a receiving station embodying the present invention. Fig; 3 is a ragmentary diagram showing a modified arrangement of the relays. Figs. 4 and 5 show details of'thc agitators. Fig. 6 shows the impressions )I'O- duced by the several printing elements. l ig. 7 is a side view of two of the printing cic ments with the other two remr red.

Referring to the drawings, in Fig. 1 I have shown the conventional type of transmitter comprising a perforated tape. with cooperating means for sending impulses of opposite polarity and two dill'ercnt. strengths, or in other words, of impressing electromotive forces upon the line at different potentials and opposite polarities. As this transmitting apparatus forms no part of the present invention, it will not he described in detail and I will remark in passing that it may be replaced by any suitable type other than the one indieated. For ditl'erent tvpes of transmitters I refer to my prior app ications hereinbeforc identified.

Referring to Fig. 2, 1 indicates the line wire extending from the transmitting to the receiving station. Atthe latter 1 provide a group of relays designated by the Patented Feb. 11. 101

closing and the' other" to large current for;

letters R, R'pll and R' respectively. Each of these relays has a core designated generi call by' r,' r 'andfrflthesedimbs being returned at right angles to each-other so as tobring tlie pole' piece r in proximity to a straight line extending from the end of and par allel to the'limb r; Secured upon'this limb atj '1" is a s ring strip-constitutingan armature his armature attenuated and of small mass-so that it will havea'high natural; period; andv'is. madeof; magnetic material 1 so that it maycarry ,the magnetican; 'acrosslthe ;ga betwe'en the two .pole pieces r and T e entire-core .1 is maintained fnagnfti'zedtoa predetermined density, midi-With slpredeterniined polarity by the coil 41', .yvhic i' is connected in alocal circuit 2-ins'erie's with similar coils upon the other relays, and with afsuitable; source of current B. "U n the .limbs-r, and contiguoiisto the o e piece 1" .is -an actuating winding'-i"-. T es'o windings on allthe re-. lays are, also connected in srieswith each other,' in the-"wire 3 leading from the line 1 to ground. All. the-line impulses therefore pass. through all of these actuating windings .in series and by properly proport-ioning-thewqindings, as well as bymalcing them 'direct' -or reverse, according to the direction of tlie energizing windingsr,

they are-made efi'ectivelv responsive to differentcurrent-"strengths and polarities. Thus, by using the expedient of controlling each oftwo local circuits by a single-relay,

responsive .to large current only, and-two; other local circuits each controlled-'.by. two

relays, one tespondihg to'sm'all current for opening, I may selectively control' :any one of .four printing magnets. In addition to the energizingandv actuating-relays', I'show what I. maycall notitrhlizingcoils, marked 1*. 'The'large'currents-due to: large otentiul ditfernces fat the'transmittin'g-en are apt to efiect the receiving or-actuating ,wind ngsof the two relays'lt'and R, whichare wound to respond to small currents+or rathergthecores thelextra-magnetizing etl'e'ct to be con- .sideredfthen Fig. 2 shows li'ow'these coils 'rneed-have only one winding. Of' course,

by r", andas toits several limbs- 'wire 4 and its printing magnet.

,the. wire 5 coming over the inc 1.

rents of .ture 1- and closes wire 4 to magnet M.

extra windings might be used on thc coils r, but an extra spool is considered best. to

be shown for clearncss.

A and A represent what I shall term electromagnetic agitators. The two relays It and R and the other two R and R, are associated in pairs, with one of the agita-' tors for each pair. It is the function of this a itator to move the anvil contacts of the re ays to prevent stieking'which I have found can be prevented. The details of the agitator are 5 iown more clearly in Figs. 3, 4 and 5, the former showing the same parts as in Fig. 2 but on a larger scale, and the -last two'showing respectively a side view and a bottom planview.

As already stated, the relays ll-Jt coustitute a pair, their armaturcs working in combination with each other. 'lhese armu tures are normally a tracted and touch the pole pieces r and r". When the armature 1-" is up, and the armature 'r" is retracted,

then a circuit is completed from the local battery through 1' to anvil a, with which it is in contact, thence to r and so to the On the other hand, \vith'thearmature 1- retracted and down, circuit would be from the hattery I) through r"' to the anvil a and so through neutralizing winding 1- 'of R to and its printing magnet. The wire 6 is a common return from all the.

printing magnets to the battery 1' as will he pointed out a little later. The relays It and R both res 0nd to positive current, In each case this current produces its cfi'ect through the -Winding.1-,. which is opposed to the winding 1''. This winding r on the relay R is wound-. andbearssuch a relation to the w ndin r for currents of small value as to pro uce a neutralizing effect; while the winding on relay)! responds only to curlarge' value. The same proportions obtain res ectiyelybetween the windingson relays and R. Thus, the four rinting magnets M, M. M and M can eselectively affected by impulses over. hnc

wire 1 in the following manner: (1) A posi tive-impnlse of smalhvalue releases arma- Apositive impulse of large value releases bot at-matures Wand 1". The latter closes CUT-Ultfrom battery 0' to the anvil a thence through the coil r" to wire 5 and magnet.

.M'; while the former is prevented. from closing circuit of wiret and magnet M by the. fact that the battery feed for this circuit is through the armature 1", which has moved out of contact with the anvil (1 and into contact with the anvil a. (3) negative impulse. of small value releases armature r o relay R and closes wire '7 to the magnet M. (4) A negative impulse'of large value releases both 'armatures 1-""' and r, the latter connecting battery through windings r and the wire 8 to magnet M and the former partially closing circuit 7 at the anvil a but finding no battery there because the controlling armature 2 is out. of contact therewith. It will be noted that in the diagram, the coils r of the relay R and R are not connected.

\Vith the arrangement shown in Fig. 2, the agitator magnets A and A are fed from an alternatin current enerator G throu h the wires 9. Their function is to keep the anvils a and a in motion, so that there will be constant rubbing contact between these anvils and the armatures r and r which would otherwise be liable to stick. Incidentally -this constant movement prevents sticking of the other armatures which however is less liable to occur. Some details of the agitators are shown in Figs. 4 and 5 which are sufiiciently clear to be understood without extended description. The armatures of the magnets A and A carry the contact anvils aa, and u -a ,respectively. The anvils a and a are separated from the others, as indicated in Figs. 3 and 5, by insulation, and if desired, both members may be insulated from the armature.

In Fig. 2 the agitators are shown inchrled in circuit with a generator of alternating current, for continuous operation, but as the electric welding to which the sticking is largely due only takes place when the relays are working, I may include the agitator magnets in the local battery cir cuits, as indicated in Fig. 3, magnet A for example being included in the feed wire from the battery I) to the armature spring r In this same figure, I have shown a separate coil 1"", with two windings, one on the side w and the other on the side to. It is an important feature of my invention to use this coil in the local circuit in the correction of the retent'iveness of the iron cores. The magnetization above normal as well as the demagnetization by large currents may-both be sufliciently disturbing to require correction. It should be borne in mind in emnnining Fig. 3 that It is the small current relay, and R is the large current relay. The two wires at w in the r coil of relay R, are used to meet the case of over-magnetization, and they run to the other circuits, corresponding to the 10 wires shown in Fig. 3. In other words, there is an interrelation between the R and R relays, of an electrical nature, as well as a definite interrelation between R andR or R and It". Thus. currents coming over the line 1 which would be too heavy and tend to over-magnetize one of the small current relays as It, and would tend to demagnetize the other small .current relay R by virtue of the corrective windings w on R in series with w on R, and ice versa, would restrain and correct. this tendency in each case while properly operating the large current relay 1 or R of apprcpriate and responsive polarity.

Fig. 6 shows the impressions produced by the four printing elements controlled by the four magnets M, M, M and M respectively. A side view of one pair of these magnets with the others removed is shown in Fig. 7, and it should be stated that for printing purposes I may use either the chemical printing disclosed in my prior applications before referred to, or printing by impact using a typewriter ribbon, carbon paper or the like which is indicated at C in Fig. 7 wherein M and M are a pair of printing magnets with a pair of pivoted armature levers m and m carrying the type elements 122 and 112- The record surface is shown at S. and may advantageously be a page or strip of paper, fed by suitable mechanism as the printing progresses.

"he alphabet. composed of four elements shown in Fig. 6 is not a part of my present invention and therefore I consider it unnecessary to illustrate it in full. However, I have indicated several letters on the end of the paper strip in Fig. 7, from which little difliculty will be experienced in understanding the principle involved.

The operation of my system will be fully understood from the foregoing description. The paper tape in Fig. 1 is punched, preferably by a perforating machine operated on the typewriter principle, it. is then inserted in the transmitting machine, and drawn along beneath the springs thereof by a suitable motor. The perforations are in four rows corresponding to the four springs which are connected to the battery B so as to send positive and negative impulses of twostrcngths, or at two different potentials. Eachrow of perforations represents recurring instances of the same element, and these elements are arranged as shown in Fig. 6, and controlled by the respective magnets l, M, M and M as therein indicated, for the reason that in the usual letter the succession of impulses gives the order of line impulses as M M, M and M. It is found better to have the weak impulses thus precede the strong ones, and also so far as possible to have the polarities alternate.

It will be evident after reading the foregoing that somechanges in detail can be made without departing from the spirit of my invention. For example, instead of having the relay R open the local circuit controlled by the relay B, it might act directly to disable that relay, as by shunting. or disconnecting it. I consider the arrangement described to be the best, however, and present it as such, without being limited to the specific details thereof. All non-essential variations are to be considered as Within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a telegraph system, a transmitter adapted to send strong and weak current impulses to line, and a receiver connected therewith through the line', comprising an element responsive toweak currents, an'element responsive only to strong currents, and means controlled by the strong current element for disabling the Weak current element, together With printing elements adapted to produce combination impressions and, thereby build up directly legible impressions of letters of the alphabet or numerals, one of said printing elements being directly controlled by the element respon sive to weak currents, and the second printing element directly controlled by the element responsive to strong currents.

2. In a telegraph system. a transmitter adapted to send strong and Weak current impulses to line, and a receiver connected therewith through the line, comprising an element responsive to Weak current, a sec- 0nd. element responsive to strong currents only, recording means controlled by each element, and disabling means for the Weak current recorder, controlled by the strong current element, together with printing elements adapted to produce combination impressions and thereby buildup directly legible impressions of letters of the alphabet or numerals, one of said printing elements being directly controlled by the element responsive to weak currents, and the second printing element directly controlled by the element responsive tostrong currents.

3. In a telegraph system, a transmitter adapted to send strong and Weak current impulses to line, and a receiverconnected therewith through the line. compri ing rccording means responsive to strong current impulses only, and other cooperating recording means controlled jointly by strong and weak impulses. together with printing elements adapted to iroducc combination impressions and there biiild up directly legible impressions of letterspt the alphabet or numerals, one of said prlnting elements being directly controlled by the element re sponsiye to weak currents. and the second printing clement directly (ftlllll'llllwl by the clement responsive to strong currents.

4. In a telegraph system. a transmitter adapted to send strong: and weak currcni impulses to line. and a re eiver connected tlu-rewilh through the line. comprising a relay rcs'pcnsin -to strong currents only. a vsecond relay responsive to all currents. a local circuit controlled by the strong curjointly by both relays, together-with was, crating printing elements, each adapted to produce a fragmentary portion of letter-s or numerals, and cooperating in the complete production of letters or numerals bycomhn nation of their impr ssions, one of said printing elements being directly included in the first local circuit, and another of said printing elements being included in the second local circuit, whereby the transmission of strong and Weak current impulses may di rectly produce printingcombinations at speed.

5. In a telegraph system. a transmitter adapted to send strong and Weak current impulses to line, and a receiver connected there-v with through the line, con'iprising a pair of relays responsive to strong and weak cur rent. and separate but cooperating recording devices controlled thereby, the strongcur- .rent relay provided with means to prevent efl'ective action of the other relay on strong current impulses. and the magnetic parts of both relays being so located with relation to each other that no cross magnetization will occur, suliicicntto cause interfer nce between their circuits.

(5. In a telegraph S \'Sl'61'n. a transmitter adapted to send strong. and weak current impulses to line, and a receiver connect ed thcrcwith through the line. comprising a pair of relays mechanically coacting to control local printing circuits, said relays being so positioned that all their corrcsraaidingparts are at right angles to each othcr.

7. In a telegraph system. a line and trans mitting apparatus. with rewiring" apparatus comprising a compound relay conq'mscd oi two mechanically coactin; electromagnetic elements having separate armaturcs but a common anvil, one of said elements rcsponsive to strong currents only. and the other sensitiw to weak currents. and print in; n'iean selectively controlled by dire? action of said clement. without loss of time or shifting of parts other than the movement of the armatures.

8. In a telegraph system. a line and transmitting apparatus. with rccei in; apparatus comprising a ccmpound relay composed of two mechanically coacting electromag ncl elements having separate armaturcs but a common an\;il. one of said elements responsive to strong currents only. and the other sensitive to weak. currents. local printing circuits and a source of current thcrcl'or,

and contacts in ne circuit controlled by tho strong/current armature only with "Mrir contacts in another circuit =fl ii ',i' cri. thereof to both arniaturc nt i'.

Sbln a ltcclwr 'l'or Whirupb an hr. plurality oi ti rtronmgzn't,c cicuai,-, o re ponsive to str ng curimu inipir and another s n itive t weal; clirrcl' rcnt relay, and a second circuit controlled pul cs, local circuit coairolled "Al ments. and auxiliary windings'on the cores, connected in the local circuits and adapted to correct and co'n'lpensate for the retentiveness of the iron cores.

lt l. system of rapid telegraphy comprising a line wire. a transmitting station with apparatus adapted to send to line high frequency current impul es of ditferent strengths and ditl erent pciarities. and a receiving station with a plurality of coils connctted to line each comprising a normally energized core and an attenuated armature of magnetic material normally held in mop crative pi-sition by the core, printing elements in local circuits controlled by said armatures. a re ord surface for said printing elements. and means responsive to said line impulses to selectively deiinergize the said relays and thereby operate the printing elements in a sequence corresponding to that of the said line in'ipulses.

ll. A system of high speed telegraphy comprising the following instriimentalities: a transmitting station with means for producing high frequency current impulses of 'ditferent strengths and polarities; and a rcceiving station with a plurality of sensitive relays adapted to selectively respond to different impulses in predetermined order, each of said relays having a contact armature and a contact anvil, a plurality of printing, elements selectively controlled through local circuit connections by saidarmatures, and means apart from the arn'iatures to prevent them from sticking to their anvils.

12. A system of high speed telegraphy cmnprising the following instrumentalities: a transmitting tation with means for producing high t'rt'a uency current impulses of different strengths and polarities: and a receiving station with a plurality of sensitive relays adapted to selectively respond to different impulses in predetermined order. each of said relays liming a contact armature and a contact anvil, a plurality of printing elements selectively controlled through local circuit connections by said aru'iaturcs, and means for agitating the said contact anvils to prevent sticking of the armatures.

13. A system of high speed telegraphy comprising the following instrumentalities: a transmitting station With means for producing high frequency current impulses of different strengths-and polarities; and a receiving station with a plurality of sensitive relays adapted to selectively respond to ditferent impulses in predetermined order, each of said relays having a contact armature and a contact anvil. a plurality of printing elements selectively controlled through local circuit connections by said armatures, and electromagnetic means for constantly agitating the said contact anvils to prevent sticking of the armatures.

14. A system of high speed telegraphy comprising the following instrumentalities: a transmitting station with means for producing high frequency current. impulses of ditferent strengths and polarities; and a receiving station with a plurality of sensitive relays adapted to s lectively resp nd to different impulses in predetermined order. each of said relays having a contact armature and a c ntact anvil. a plurality of printing elements selectively controlled through local circuit connections by said armatures, and electromagnetic agitators for said contact anvils. with means for supplying varying current thereto.

15. A system of high speed telegraphy comprising the following instrumentalitiei: a transmitting station with means for producing high frequency current impulses of different strengths and polarities; and a receiving station with a plurality of sensitive relays adapted to selectively respond to different. impulses in predetermined order. each of said relays having a contact armature and a contact anvil, a plurality of printing elements selectively controlled through local circuit connections by said armatures, electromagnetic means for agitating said contact anvils, and a source of alternating current connected thereto. 7

16. In a system of high speed telegraphy, sending apparatus adapted to transmit high frequency impulses of different strengths and polarities, a line wire, and receiving apparatus comprising a plurality of sensi tive relays selectively" responsive to said varying currents, each relay comprising a magnetized core, an actuating coil thereon. and an armature of magnetic material having a high natural period and normally held attracted by the core, together with a con tact anvil for each armature. a plurality of printing elements each adapted to produce a fragmentary portion of a letter or character. electromagnets controlling the said printing elements, local circuit connections from said printing magnets to the contact armatures of the relays. and means for dis-- abling a circuit controlled by the weak current relays when receiving strong current impulses of the same polarity.

17. In a system of high speed telegraphy,

sending apparatus adapted to transmit impulses of different strengths and polarities, a line wire, and receiving apparatus comprising a plurality of relays selectively rcsponsive to said varying currents, each relay comprising a magnetized core. an actuating coil thereon, and an armature of magnetic material normally held attracted by the, core. together with a contact anvil for each armature, a plurality of printing elements each adapted to produce a fragmentary portion of a letter or character, electromagnets controlling the said printing elements, local circuit connections from said printing magnets to the contact armatiires of the relays, and neutralizing coils for the relays wound and connected so as to compensate. in the weak current relays for the strong current impulses.

18. In a system of high speed telegraphy, sending apparatus ada ted to transmit high freqlency impulses 0? different strengths and polarities, a line wire, and receiving apparatus com risin a. plurality of sensitlve relays se ective y responsive to said varying currents, each relay comprising a magnetized core, an actuating coil thereon, and an armature of magnetic material having a high natural period and normally held attracted by the core, together with a contact anvil for each armature, a plurality of printing elements each adapted to produce a fragmentary portion of a letter or char acter, electromagnets controlling the said printing elements, local'circuit connections from said printing magnets to the contact armatures of the relays, --and neutralizing coils on the X'GSPQCtlV relays wound and connected so as to prevent demagnetization of the weak current relays by strong current impulses.

19. A system of high speed telegraphy comprising sending apparatus adapted to transmit high frequency impulses of difi'erent strengths and polarities, a line wire, and receiving apparatus comprising a plurality of printing elements each controlled by a printing magnet, each element adapted to produce the impression of part of a character, and controlling relays for said printing magnets, arranged in pairs with their magnetic elements and coils at angles of 90 to prevent interference, an anvil agitator with energizing means for each pair of relays, and triple windings for each relay comprising an energizing coil connected to a suitable local source of current, an actuating coil connected to line and adapted to neu tralize the core magnetization so as to per Init actuation of the armature, and a neutralizing coil prefenably internu'ediate of the other two coils for preventing interference between the relays.

In testimony whereof I atfix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CARL KIN SIFY. Witnesses CnAs. O. Pnoc'ron, PE'IER MATHIAS.

co m of this patent may be obtained for five cents each by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

- Washington, D. C. 

